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Metal Halide
Metal halide lamps produce a crisp white light giving good colour definition, and a high light output for their size. Originally created in the late 1960's (for industrial use) metal halide lamps are now available in numerous sizes and configurations for commercial and residential applications.
This light is great when used in outside applications as visibility is very good due to the intense white light emitted.
Overall: a compact powerful and efficient light source that gives good colour definition suitable for most applications.
High Pressure Sodium
This produces a dark pink glow when first started, and then produces an orange light when it has warmed up. They are widely used for outdoor lighting such as street lights and security lighting. Other applications include building floodlighting and general area lighting.
Overall: an efficient lamp used where an instant start isn't required and where good colour definition is not critical.
Mercury
Very similar to high pressure sodium when it comes to both price and light output. These lamps produce a dark almost grey output when first struck, and then produce a dull white light when warmed up.
Applications include, industrial lighting, car park lighting and general floodlighting.
Overall: a fairly efficient lamp (about a 3rd as efficient as metal halide) used for general lighting applications where really good colour definition is not critical.
Compact Fluorescent
In comparison to other lamp types, compact fluorescent (CFL) have a longer rated life and use less electricity. In fact CFL’s save enough money in electricity costs within the first year to make up for their initial higher price. CFL gives off a very good crisp white light.
Overall: a very efficient, cheap to run lamp with a long life giving even white light distribution and excellant colour definition. Most suited to lighting smaller areas.
Wattage and brightness
Named after James Watt, the inventor of the steam engine, the Watt(W) is a standard international unit of measurement of power. In the case of electric lamps, the “Wattage” of the lamp defines the amount of electrical power that it consumes and is also related to the brightness of the lamp. However, since different types of lamps are more or less efficient in converting electrical power into light, the watt is not in itself a measure of brightness. For example, a 20W Compact fluorescent lamp is approximately as bright as a 100W incandescent lamp (a standard household bulb) yet it consumes only one fifth of the electricity.
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